Objectives: To examine the effectiveness of the group supportive psychotherapy with mindfulness training in improving psychological well-being and self-esteem of persons with psychiatric problems with the usual care. Method: This randomized controlled trial enrolled and randomized 60 persons with psychiatric problems who met the criteria to either the group supportive psychotherapy with mindfulness training (test group) or usual care (control group), 30 each. The test group attended the 4-week training twice weekly, 60 3minutes per session. Psychological well-being and self-esteem were assessed before and after the training. Data were analyzed by using t test. Results: In the test group, scores of psychological well-being and self-esteem after the training increased significantly from before the training (P-value < 0.001). Increases in psychological well-being and self-esteem from before the training in the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P-value < 0.001). Conclusion: The group supportive psychotherapy with mindfulness training improved psychological well-being and self-esteem in persons with psychiatric problems.